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The type of distribution of data characterized by having a variance equal to its mean. It occurs when the probability of an event occurring on any particular occasion is extremely small but the very high number of occasions recorded makes it likely that the event will occur reasonably often overall. An example is the measurement of the density of a particular plant species using quadrat counts. The likelihood of that species occurring in any particular square of the quadrat is small but if sufficient quadrats are thrown the species will be recorded eventually.
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