The final stable community that results after a series of changes ('succession) in the vegetation and animal life in a particular area. However, there are often factors that halt or slow down succession and prevent the establishment of a climax community. These factors include changes in climate, natural hazards, disease, animal interference, fire, and human activity. Often intensive grazing prevents the growth of shrubs and trees. The equilibrium achieved in this way is termed a biotic climax, disclimax, plagioclimax, or subclimax vegetation. See also clisere. |
